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1840s WEST CORK

Reports & Notices

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(CE 13/4/1844) TO RIGHT HON. LORD CARBERY - MY LORD - If your readings are not as exclusive as your politics, you may have read in the Cork Examiner of the 4^th inst., a letter from me reminding your Lordship of what you have known for half a century - namely, the absolute pauperism of your Carbery tenantry. As far as my poor abilities enabled, I draw a picture of what we have and are likely yet to suffer, but Heaven knows how far short of the reality it fell! If I have failed, it was only because I did not put forward with the required strength the causes of our complaints, and too feebly the remedies for their removal. I cannot pretend to bring any new light to a subject, the iniquities of which are co-existent with British domination, and upon which, you, my Lord, are in the theory and practice much better informed than he who presumes to claim your attention. Your Lordship will admit your interests and those of your tenantry are mutual, that the services of the lower orders, and the protection of the higher are reciprocally necessary; that ‘property possesses its duties as well as rights’; and from the truth and strength of this position, I am induced again to address Your Lordship. It is not my intention to enter narrowly into the political causes which affect the condition of this plundered - landlord-ridden country; were I less incompetent, I could not hope to add anything new to what is already presented to the eye of every one. The remedies within your power it is almost needless to refer to; they become obvious with the view of our miseries.

Foremost stands the possession of land on no other tenure than the capricious will of the inheritor. Remedy this, my lord, so far as concerns yourself, and you can and will remove the primary source of all our consequent wretchedness. Is it necessary for me again to dim into your ears the thread-worn argument how your impoverished Carbery wilderness would be improved, and its miserable occupants benefitted by even one act of tardy justice? Instead of wretched thatched hovels, would you not behold comfortable dwellings? Instead of a stunted barbarous cultivation of miserable acres, with difficulty paying your rents - barely prolonging existence -would you not see enterprise, exertion and the certainty of reward, produce a culture as valuable to your estate as renumerative to its occupants? Need I speculate further on the cumlative advantages of a remedy that would inevitably produce these benfits and eradicate the epidemic pestilence you so perseveringly foster? Next comes the fraud of absenteeism ; for is it not fraud to deprive a country of its profits as well as its produce? For our produce we have no market but England; and, instead of the common honesty of the profits of your produce being spent amongst us, your Lordship spends them in England. Absenteeism necessarily entails inattention, and a reckless apathy of a proprietary, and excludes the benefit of a personal superintendence of their estates. Add to them, the want of providing sufficient employment, and all the iniquity of the ruinous ejectment system carried on under the perverted forms of law, - all eat like a canker into the national frame - all lie a moral, social and political load, on the popular heart, yet untouched, and unalleviated, and scarcely enquired into, albeit the humbug Devon commission.

Our insufficiency of food and clothing; the meagre and comfortless kinds they are composed of, generating pestilence and creating misery, at which the heart of philanthrophy sickens, the numerous other privations under which and enduring and uncared for peasantry suffer, are and cannot but be known to your Lordship; and if I be a humble instrument in awakening your attention to their remedy, my reward will be far less ample than your own reflections. I will not suppose your Lordship’s long and habitual familiarity with the scenes of misery and degradation which emcompass you, has rendered callous the natural sympathies of your heart. Do not suppose the extent of suffering amongst us an evil of such immensity as to be incurable - so deep-rooted as to defy the posibility of diminution, or eradication. Do not hesitate on the practicality of amending our calamitous condition - let not a cold-hearted neglect interpose between your kindly sympathies, and you will be the means of converting sickness, sorrow, poverty, degradation, and uniform wretchedness, into all that can gladden the heart - what Heaven designed, but which the few lordlings of the earth usurp. I wish not to criminate, (would that I could not); I would remonstrate firmly but courteously anxious for the permission to suggest, happy if the suggestion be received and acted on by and for those whose real interests they are intended to serve. For your Lordship’s reflection, I will give you an extract from a letter of a tenant of my Lord Midleton’s in the Examiner of the 8^th inst. ‘ he (Lord Midleton) refused everything in the shape of remonstrance about high-rents and other abuses. He would give no encouragement, nor no lease ‘. What a character of a lordly landlord held up by his own tenantry to the reprobation of Society! Your Lordship cannot covert the unenviable distinction of pulling in the same harness with Lord Midleton – of placing to your Lordship’s credit the same items attached to him; then let no part of the allegations against him be fitted for your Lordship. Listen to remonstrances, extend encouragement and, above all, give leases.

Believe me, my Lord, Conservative though you and my Lord Midleton may persuade yourselves to be, you and he and your class are the true anarchists, the revolutionists, the destroyers, who abet and foster the continuance of that aristocratic tyranny which leaves the properties and interests of the country insecure. Think you, my Lord, while a people are cursed with the ‘protection’ of my lord of Midleton, they will not remonstrate; and if remonstrance fails does not resitance become a duty. Do not misunderstand me, I mean the moral resitance of physical force, such as being now exhibited by a whole nation, feeling its wrongs and determined never to relinquish its efforts till their vindication be complete. Once more, my Lord, let me iterate it needs no argumentation to show that men deprived of all permanent interest in the soil they occupy - tenants at the mere will of their lords - liable to be ejected yearly - cannot be expected to improve their farms with any advantage to themselves, or to the community they live in. A country may struggle on where such infliction is imposed; but where the amount of property thus circumstanced is daily and steadily increasing, and is likely before long to comprise nine-tenths of the land owned in perpetuity by proprietors miscalled ‘Conservative’, the effect must be where an overwhelming resistance will not counteract it, the utter discouragement of culture, and the conversion of the country back again to a state far worse than its primitIve, untilled wilderness.

Crime and tyranny are mutal child and parent. Destroy the latter, and you paralyse the offspring; for the nuture necessary for its sustenance failing, it becomes powerless, and its innocous throes are relieved by a certain and speedy death. Let tranquility be the price of freedom - let the rights of property be respected and its duties will be performed in a better spirit. I put echo what millions feel and are ready to assert, that life and property neither are, nor can be secure, until some strong and effectual check is put not upon the rights of property, but on the wrongs of property. It is enough to put Job himself in a passion, to compel men to be miserable, and then to condemn them for the vices which misery inevitably engenders. Your Lordship cannot credit the aspersions which ignorance, prejudice, malice, and power have so daringly and so unsparingly flung upon us - you know us to be an ingenious, sharp-witted people - you see us improved in morals and advanced in civilisation, unparalleled in any age or nation, keenly feeling the truth we are not to be saved from without - that national liberty and greatness cannot be manufactured for us in England. Yes, we know it must be home created, and that energy, spirit and unanimity can alone make and preserve a nation of freemen.

My Lord, let you and your party begin, with zeal, and prudence, and management, and you will insensibly conjure up from their torpid state those useful and salutary means which yield certain earnest of ultimate success. All the poor man asks is, humane attention to his condition, and leave to work and live; and that is the heart of his ‘lordly fellow’ so indurated as to spurn his poor petition, and deny him his natural right?

My Lord, though you may not approve the precise guidance I point out to your adoption, do not refuse to justice what you must yield to necessity; and in the hope my plain and honest importunity may stimulate you to useful action, I again subscribe myself. - ONE OF YOUR TENANTS

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DUNMANWAY UNION LANDLORDS

1848

(CC 24/2/1848) DUNMANWAY UNION - RESOLVED - That we Publish the Names of all of the Landlords in this Union who have applied for Loans under the Drainage Act for the Employment of the People. That we also Publish the Names of Landlords who have omitted to perform that duty, attaching to the Names of each Landlord of the latter class the number of Paupers upon his Estate. That the Board of Guardians be requested to make out a correct list agreeably with this resolution - Dunmanway meeting of 28^th January. - Pursuant to the above resolution, the Guardians of Dunmanway Union now publish the subjoined list:-

Names of Landlords who have not applied for aid under the provisions of the Land Improvement Act, in the DUNMANWAY E. DIVISION

Names	Townland	No.of Paupers
Bantry, Lord	Knockahaduve	38
Beamish, Frans., Esq.	Cooricallane	23
Bernard, A.B., Esq., In Chancery	Balteenbrach	119
Bernard, A.B., Esq., In Chancery	Thomas	110
Bernard, A.B., Esq., In Chancery	Behagh	48
Biggs, Jacob	Knucheenbuee	40
Biggs, Jacob, Esq.	Closhnacrony	26
Biggs, Jacob, Esq.	Mohony	96
Carbery, Lady	Kinrath	51
Deasy, Rickard, Esq.	Pookeen	31
Deasy, Rickard, Esq.	Gurranes	9
Deasy, Rickard, Esq.	Inch East and West	102
Deasy, Rickard, Esq.	Cillertaine	73
Donovan, C., Rev., & Fitzmaruice, H., Esq.	Ardcahan	193
Evans, Jno. D’Arcy, Esq.	Mallabracca	23
Evans, Jno. D’Arcy, Esq., & Gould, Jno., Esq.	Coom	64
Evans, Jno. D’Arcy, Esq., In Chancery	Derilahane	36
Fitzmaurice, H., see Donovan & Tuckey
Fuller, Thos., Esq., see Meade
Good, Edward, Esq.	Ahakiera	124
Gould, Jno., see Evans
Hamilton, John, Esq.	Dunmanway North (pt. of)	16
Hoare, Jos., Sir, In Chancery	Toher	118
Hoare, Jos., Sir, In Chancery	Moneyreague	99
Hoare, Jos., Sir, In Chancery	Kialiraheen	54
Hoare, Jos., Sir, In Chancery	Neaskin	48
Hoare, Jos., Sir, In Chancery	Dromeeh	97
Hoare, Jos., Sir, In Chancery	Gurtanuir	36
Holmes, Benj. H., Esq.	Derrinasapha	90
Holmes, Jas., Esq., Reps. Of, In Chancery	Glaun	91
Holmes, Jno., Esq., Reps. of	Shinnough	99
Levis, Samuel, Esq.	Morreigh	28
Meade, John, Rev., & Fuller, Thos., Esq.	Ballyhalwick	16
O Connor, Mrs., see Ronayne
Ronayne, Jas., Esq., & O Connor, Mrs.	Gurtnasouny	75
Tresillian, Messrs.	Maulanimirish	14
Tuckey, Rev. Mr., & Fitzmaruice, H., Esq.	Kilronan	179

Names of Landlords who have applied for aid under the Act, in DUNMANWAY E. DIVISION

Names Conner, Daniel, Esq. Cox, The Misses Gillman, H., Esq. Gillman, H., Rev. Gillman, James, Esq. Gillman, Thomas, Esq. Norwood, William, Esq. O Sullivan, D., Esq. Shuldham, General Sullivan, William, Esq. Welply, Daniel, Esq.

Residence Manch House Dunmanway Woodbrook Bandon Oakmount Milane Ballyhalwick Dunmanway Dunmanway Knuckduve Skibbereen

Amount - £ 1,980 600 800 500 230 900 100 800

Names of Landlords who have not applied for aid under the provisions of the Land Improvement Act, in the KILMEEN E. DIVISION

Names	Townland	No.of Paupers
Bandon, Earl of, Bandon	Derrivreen, Gerah, Knocks, Slaveen	305
Beamish, Thomas, Esq., Harehill, Bandon	Bullinvard	5
Beecher, M.A., Esq., Clonakilty	Farlihanes	81
Bennett, Saml., Esq., Cork	Litter	80
Cummins, N., Esq., Cork	Cahir	83
Foot, William, Esq., Mallow	Lisquibba	83
Honer, Robt., Esq., Bandon	Knockay	100
In Chancery	Cahirkirkey	52
In Chancery	Clouncerbane	57
In Chancery	Kilmeen	130
Levis, Saml., see O Regan, Dan.
O Regan, Dan., Esq., Cork, & Levis, Saml., Esq., Skibbereen	Lisnabrinny	53
Superioress of Convent, Cork	Rossmore	100
Townsend, John Sealy, Esq., Dublin	Ballygurteen	30
Townsend, R., Esq., Reps. of the late	Milleenagunna	88

Names of Landlords who have applied for aid under the Act, in KILMEEN E. DIVISION

Names Beamish, Francis, Esq. Gillman, Herbert, Esq. Gillman, James, Esq. M’Carthy, Alleyn, Esq.

Residence Clonakilty Woodbrook Oakmount Knockane

Amount - £ 200 500 600 100

Names of Landlords who have not applied for aid under the provisions of the Land Improvement Act, in the BALLYMONEY E. DIVISION

Names	Townland	No.of Paupers
Bandon, Earl of, Bandon	Balancan, Derrigra, Knockaneady, Shannaway	631
Bantry, Lord, Bantry	Granure	74
Beamish, Henry, Rev., London	Phale, Glaun	169
French, Colonel	Curricrowly - see - ENNISKEANE	80
Hungerford, Thos., Esq., Clonakilty	Inchafeena	191
Milner, Samuel, Esq., Cork	Edincurra	74
Sealy, Baldwin, Esq., Timoleague	Kilvorrigh	47
Woodley, Francis, Esq., Macroom	Carrigeen, Girlough, Kilvingane	156

Names of Landlords who have applied for aid under the Act, in BALLYMONEY E. DIVISION

Names Daunt, Wm. O Neill, Esq. Gillman, Herbert, Esq.

Residence Kilcaskin Woodbrook

Amount - £ 400 800

Names of Landlords who have not applied for aid under the provisions of the Land Improvement Act, in the KILMICHAEL E. DIVISION

Names Baldwin, Henry, Esq., Mount Pleasant Baldwin, Henry, Esq., Mount Pleasant Baldwin, Henry, Esq., Mount Pleasant Baldwin, Henry, Esq., Mount Pleasant Baldwin, Henry, Esq., Mount Pleasant Barrett & O Sullivan, Messrs. Belsange, Matthew Curtis, Doctor, Cork Harding, Henry, Esq., London Hawkes, Cor., Esq., Cork Hickson, John, Esq., Dingle Hickson, John, Esq., Dingle Hosford, John, Esq., Enniskean In Chancery In Chancery Leader, Thomas, Esq., Dublin M’Carthy, Alex., Esq., Ex-MP, Cork O Sullivan, Messrs. O Sullivan, see Barrett Sealy, Richard, Esq., Richmount Seward, Henry O., Esq., Cork Swete, Benjamin, Esq., Greenville Swete, Benjamin, Esq., Greenville Swete, Benjamin, Esq., Greenville Warren. Aug., Sir, Warren’s Court Welply, James, Esq., Macroom

Townland Ballina Gneeves East Rusnakilla Knockane Teralton Cooliclivane Gurtacurrig Marauna Gneeves West Carrigdangan Shannacashil Slievowen Johnstown Deshure Lismacuddy Mount Music Reenacaharagh Clashbridane Drunkeen Droumleigh Granereigh Greenville Laccareigh Ardineen Cusduve

No. of Paupers 22 22 42 96 110 88 56 30 112 89 197 33 111 161 98 58 44 126 87 87 290 16 64 65 58

Names of Landlords who have applied for aid under the Act, in KILMICHAEL E. DIVISION

Names Barrett, John E., Esq. Barter, Doctor Bennett, Miss Galgey, William, Esq. Hayes, Stephen, Esq. Spillane, James, Esq.

Residence Carrigbuoy Moncasker Haremount Cooldaniel Clonmoyle Gurranes

Amount- £ 550 260 500 Draining on his own account

Names of Landlords who have not applied for aid under the provisions of the Land Improvement Act, in the KILMURRY E. DIVISION

Names Bandon, Earl of, Bandon Gillman, Herbert, see Warren, Major Meade, Richard, Esq., Kinsale Warren, Major, & Gillman, Herbert, Esq. Warren, Major, & Gillman, Herbert, Esq.

Townland Munygoves Shounlaragh Farnaheena Inchincurka

No. of Paupers 224 45 35 118

Names of Landlords who have applied for aid under the Act, in KILMURRY E. DIVISION

Names Conner, Daniel, Esq. French, Sampson, Esq. Gilman, Herbert Shuldham, General Townsend, John S., Esq.

Residence Manch House Cork Woodbrook Dunmanway Dublin

Amount - £ Draining on his own account

Names of Landlords who have not applied for aid under the provisions of the Land Improvement Act, in the INCHIGEELA E. DIVISION

Names	Townland	No.of Paupers
Adams, Esq., Midleton	Doneens	32
Browne, Jemett H., Esq.	Gerrancapeaka	36
Browne, Jemett H., Esq.	Kearariheen	23
Browne, Jemett H., Esq.	Gurteen	17
Conner, Daniel, Esq., Ballybricken	Tullogh, Cloher, Laccabawn	180
Creagh, R., Esq., & Lane, T.R., Esq., Kinsale	Shannacraine S.	58
Creagh, R., Esq., & Lane, T.R., Esq., Kinsale	Cooliorhy	20
Greham, Stephen, Esq., Dublin	Gortnahought	78
Hayes, S., Esq., & Capt. Mitchell	Derrcendeena	16
Hayes, S., Esq., & Capt. Mitchell	Derryreirdon	6
Hayes, S., Esq., & Capt. Mitchell	Bawngarrivi	13
Hayes, S., Esq., & Capt. Mitchell	Illaneinagh W.	14
Hayes, S., Esq., & Capt. Mitchell	Inchadriale	28
Hayes, S., Esq., & Capt. Mitchell	Derrileigh	28
Hayes, S., Esq., & Capt. Mitchell	Derrigortmaclohy	23
Hayes, S., Esq., & Capt. Mitchell	Gortnabour	59
Hayes, S., Esq., & Capt. Mitchell	Gurtnarea	21
Hayes, S., Esq., & Capt. Mitchell	Scrabin	20
Herrick, H., Esq., Bandon	Kealvough	26
Herrick, H., Esq., Bandon	Illaneinagh E.	4
Lane, T.R, see Creagh, R.
Law, Henry, Esq., Dublin	Cornirra	6
Minhear, Jas., Esq., & Capt. Mitchell, Cork	Derrynaglass, Inchanussig	33
Mitchell, see Minhear, Hayes, Seward & Orpen
O Sullivan, J.B., Esq., Cooliclivane	Derravicorneen	11
Orpen, John, Rev., & Capt. Mitchell	Meenavadera	22
Orpen, John, Rev., & Capt. Mitchell	Gurtnatannavallen	5
Orpen, John, Rev., & Capt. Mitchell	Coornakahilla	6
Orpen, John, Rev., & Capt. Mitchell	Gurtnamuckane	11
Orpen, John, Rev., & Capt. Mitchell	Coolroe West	10
Pope, Thomas, Esq., Waterford	Inchimon	28
Pope, Thomas, Esq., Waterford	Inchibeg	12
Seward, Esq., & Capt. Mitchell	Gortnacarriga	17
Townsend, Richard, Esq., Dunbeacon	Coomroe	6
Townsend, Richard, Esq., Dunbeacon	Derranacusic	2
Townsend, Richard, Esq., Dunbeacon	Coolagrenane	9

Names of Landlords who have applied for aid under the Act, in INCHIGEELA E. DIVISION

Names Gollock, Lewis, Esq. Pyne, Jasper M., Esq. O Leary, Denis, Esq.

Residence Macroom Ballyvolane Coolmountain

Names of Landlords who have not applied for aid under the provisions of the Land Improvement Act, in the DRINAGH E. DIVISION

Names Crooke, see Scott Deasy, Rickard, Esq. Hodnett, Mr., Reps. of Scott, Major, & Crooke, S.D., Esq.

Townlands Drinagh West Kippagh Drinagh East

No. of Paupers 68 100 92

Names of Landlords who have applied for aid under the Act, in DRINAGH E. DIVISION

Names Alcock, Ed. J., Rev. Alcock, William M., Esq. Shuldham, General

Residence Kilmeen Waterford Dunmanway

Amount - £ 150 300

Board Room, Dunmanway, Feb. 21^st 1848

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